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| Constantin Stanislavski |
Died: 1938, Moscow, Russia
Occupation: Actor, Theatre director, Theatre theorist
Literary Movement: Naturalism, Symbolism, Psychological realism, Socialist realism
EARLY LIFE AND CAREER
Born 1863 into a wealthy clan who loved theatre. His father constructed a stage on the family's estate and his grandmother was a French actress. He started acting at 14 and developed his theatrical skills over time considerably. He worked in his family's manufacturing business but performed with other acting groups at the same time. He gave himself the name Stanislavski in 1885, which was the name of a fellow actor he had met. In 1888, he married Maria Perevoshchikova, who was a teacher, but then joined Stanislavski in the study and pursuit of acting.
OPENING THE MOSCOW ART THEATRE
Stanislavski founded the Society of Art and Literature in 1888, where he performed and directed productions for almost 10 years. In 1897, Stanislavski co-founded the Moscow Art Theatre with playwright and director Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. This would be an alternative to standard theatrical aesthetics of the day.
'STANISLAVSKI METHOD'
Stanislavski worked on providing a structure for actors, during the Moscow Art Theatre's early years, to consistently achieve deep, meaningful and disciplined performances. He believed that actors needed to inhabit authentic emotions while on stage. To do so, they could draw up feelings they'd experienced in their own lives. He also made exercises to help actors find their character's motives to give a performance depth and an unassuming realism. This is named the 'Stanislavski method' or 'the Method'
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